據今日油價網站2月9日消息 盡管油價高達90美元，但世界第三大石油進口國印度的國有煉油廠仍在市場上尋找現貨供應，以滿足其定期合同交付的需求，因為國有煉油廠希望實現年產量目標。

煉油廠官員向彭博社表示，印度23家煉油廠中的大多數在1月份以高于額定的產能運營，許多煉油廠正在現貨市場購買貨物，以實現2021/2022財年的煉油廠生產目標。

印度2021/2022年1月至3月第四季度的高需求可能是油價的又一個看漲因素，今年迄今為止，油價已上漲近20%。

熟悉情況的煉油廠官員表示，1月份印度煉油廠的平均運行率為101%，去年8月為87%。

彭博社消息人士稱，包括印度石油公司（IOC）、巴拉特石油有限公司（BPCL）和印度斯坦石油有限公司（HPCL）在內的最大國有煉油廠正在現貨市場購買更多原油，或向其定期合同供應商伊拉克和沙特阿拉伯索要額外的石油。

截至今年2022年3月的2021/2022財年，由于2021年疫情，煉油廠一直落后于生產目標。

除了努力達到目標之外，印度煉油廠還受到激勵，生產更多柴油，這是該國使用最廣泛的燃料，因為該產品的煉油利潤率達到了兩年左右的最高水平。

例如，印度石油公司1 月底報告稱2021年4月至12月期間凈利潤增長，這得益于較高的煉油利潤率。精煉毛利潤（GRM）在2021年4月至12月為每桶8.52美元，相比之下，在之前一個財政年度為每桶2.96美元。

王磊 摘譯自 今日油價

原文如下：

India’s Crude Demand Is Rising Despite High Oil Prices

Despite $90 oil prices, state refiners at the world’s third-largest oil importer, India, are scouring the market for spot supply to top their term contract deliveries as state-owned refineries look to meet annual output targets.

Most of India’s 23 refineries operated at above nameplate capacity in January, and many are buying cargoes on the spot market to reach the 2021/2022 fiscal year refinery production goals, officials at refineries told Bloomberg.

The high demand in India’s 2021/2022 fourth-quarter between January and March could be yet another bullish factor for oil prices, which have rallied by nearly 20 percent so far this year. 

Average refinery run rates at Indian refineries were 101 percent in January, compared to 87 percent in August last year, the refinery officials familiar with the situation told Bloomberg.

The biggest state oil refiners, including Indian Oil Corporation (IOC), Bharat Petroleum Corporation Limited (BPCL), and Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Limited (HPCL), are buying more crude oil on the spot market or asking their term contract suppliers Iraq and Saudi Arabia for extra barrels of oil, Bloomberg’s sources said.

So far in the fiscal 2021/2022 year ending March 2022, refiners have been lagging behind the production targets due to the COVID wave in the summer of 2021. 

Apart from chasing targets, Indian refiners are incentivized to produce more diesel—the most widely used fuel in the country—because refining margins for the product are at their strongest in around two years.

IOC, for example, reported at the end of January a rise in net profit for the April-December 2021 period, thanks to higher refining margins. The gross refining margin (GRM) during the period April – December 2021 was US$8.52 per barrel, compared to US$2.96 per barrel in the same period of the previous financial year 2020/2021, the largest oil refiner in India said in a statement.  

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