據(jù)美國(guó)鉆井網(wǎng)站2023年5月29日?qǐng)?bào)道，國(guó)際能源署(IEA)日前發(fā)表的最新一期的《世界能源投資報(bào)告》表明，根據(jù)對(duì)大中型石油、天然氣和煤炭公司已公布支出計(jì)劃的分析，今年全球化石燃料供應(yīng)投資將增加6%以上，達(dá)到大約9500億美元。

對(duì)于上游石油和天然氣領(lǐng)域，IEA預(yù)計(jì)今年的支出將增加7%，超過(guò)5000億美元，與2019年的水平相當(dāng)。然而，其中大約一半的增加可能會(huì)被成本上漲所吸收。

IEA稱(chēng)，許多大型石油和天然氣公司在去年實(shí)現(xiàn)了歷史最高利潤(rùn)，但大部分收入都被用于股息分配、股票回購(gòu)和償還債務(wù)——只有大型中東國(guó)家石油公司今年的支出高于去年。報(bào)告稱(chēng)，與疫情前的水平相比，中東國(guó)家石油公司是目前該行業(yè)支出增加的唯一子集。

IEA報(bào)告稱(chēng)，去年石油和天然氣行業(yè)在低排放替代品(包括碳捕獲技術(shù))上的資本支出不到其上游支出的5%，與2021年的比例相當(dāng)。

清潔能源投資增加

IEA表示，地緣政治沖突帶來(lái)的化石燃料市場(chǎng)波動(dòng)，加速了清潔能源技術(shù)的發(fā)展勢(shì)頭。

盡管地緣政治沖突導(dǎo)致了對(duì)石油和天然氣供應(yīng)的短期爭(zhēng)奪，但該報(bào)告指出，去年清潔能源投資的預(yù)計(jì)年增長(zhǎng)率將達(dá)到24%，超過(guò)2021年的15%。疫情造成的經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退的復(fù)蘇也大大促進(jìn)了這些投資。然而，報(bào)告稱(chēng)，清潔能源支出的增加仍局限于以歐盟、美國(guó)和日本為首的幾個(gè)國(guó)家和地區(qū)。

在今年預(yù)計(jì)的2.8萬(wàn)億美元能源投資中，超過(guò)1.7萬(wàn)億美元將投入清潔能源，其余將投入化石燃料和電力。在這大約1萬(wàn)億美元的資金中，預(yù)計(jì)約85%將投資于石油和天然氣，15%投資于煤炭。

報(bào)告中提到的清潔能源投資包括可再生能源、核能、電網(wǎng)、儲(chǔ)能、低排放燃料、提高效率以及最終使用的可再生能源和電氣化。

李峻 編譯自 美國(guó)鉆井網(wǎng)站

原文如下：

Fossil Fuel Supply Spending to Rise Six Percent in 2023: IEA

based on an analysis of the announced spending plans of large- and medium-sized oil, gas and coal companies, fossil fuel supply investments are set to rise by more than six percent to around $950 billion for 2023, according to the latest World Energy Investment Report by the International Energy Agency (IEA).

For upstream oil and gas, the agency projects spending to increase by seven percent for the year to over $500 billion, matching 2019 levels. However, around half of the increase will likely be absorbed by cost inflation, it said.

Many large oil and gas companies reported record profits in 2022, but most of the revenue has gone into dividends, share buybacks and debt repayment—only large Middle Eastern national oil companies are spending more this year compared to last year, the IEA said. They are the only subset of the industry spending more currently compared to pre-pandemic levels, according to the report.

The oil and gas industry’s capital spending on low-emissions alternatives, including carbon capture technologies, was less than five percent of its upstream spending in 2022, which is equivalent to last year’s percentage, the IEA reported.

Rise in Clean Energy Investment

The volatility in fossil fuel markets brought about by the war has “accelerated momentum” in clean energy technologies, the IEA said.

Although the war led to a short-term scramble for oil and gas supplies, the report stated that the projected growth in annual clean energy investment for 2023 would be 24 percent, surpassing the 15 percent increase in 2021. The recovery from the economic slump caused by the Covid-19 pandemic has also provided a significant boost to these investments. However, the increase in clean energy spending is still limited to several countries and regions, led by the European Union, the USA and Japan, according to the report.

Of the projected $2.8 trillion investment in energy for the year, more than $1.7 trillion would be put into clean energy, while the rest would go to fossil fuel and power. Of this roughly $1 trillion amount, around 85 percent is expected to be invested in oil and gas, and 15 percent in coal.

Clean energy investments mentioned in the report include renewable power, nuclear, grids, storage, low-emission fuels, efficiency improvements and end-use renewables and electrification.